Directed therapy for pneumonia

Advice on directed therapy for pneumonia is included for the following pathogens:

• Acinetobacter baumannii – for management, see Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia
• Aspergillus species – for management, see Aspergillosis
• Bordetella pertussis – an uncommon cause of pneumonia in infants. For management, see Pertussis
• Burkholderia pseudomallei – pneumonia is the most common presentation of melioidosis, which is caused by the soil saprophyte B. pseudomallei. For management, see Melioidosis
• Chlamydia trachomatis species – for management, see Pneumonia caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
• Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) species – for management, see Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) species pneumonia
• Coxiella burnetii – pneumonia is an uncommon presentation of Q fever, a zoonosis caused by C. burnetii. For management, see Q fever
• Cryptococcus gattii or C. neoformans – for management, see Cryptococcosis
• Cytomegalovirus (CMV) – cytomegalovirus can cause pneumonitis in patients with immune compromise. For management, see Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection
• Enterobacterales, including Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Morganella, Providencia, Serratia and Yersinia species – for management, see Enterobacterales pneumonia
• fungal species – for management, see Overview of fungal pneumonia
• Haemophilus influenzae – for management, see Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia
• Herpes simplex virus (HSV) – neonates can develop pneumonitis caused by herpes simplex virus. It usually presents between days 3 and 7 of life. For management, see Neonatal herpes simplex infection
• Legionella species – for management, see Legionella pneumonia in adults
• Mycoplasma pneumoniae – for management, see Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) species pneumonia
• Nocardia species – nocardiosis, which can present with pulmonary disease, is caused by environmental gram-positive Actinobacteria of the Nocardia genus. For management, see Nocardiosis
• Pneumocystis jirovecii – for management, see Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa – for management, see Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia
• Staphylococcus aureus – for management, see Staphylococcus aureus (staphylococcal) pneumonia
• Stenotrophomonas maltophilia – for management, see Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia
• Streptococcus pneumoniae – for management, see Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) pneumonia
• Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus) – for pneumonia suspected or confirmed to be caused by S. pyogenes, manage as for complicated S. pyogenes bacteraemia
• Strongyloides stercoralis – in patients with immune compromise, strongyloidiasis hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated strongyloidiasis can present with pulmonary disease. For management, see Strongyloidiasis.