Japanese encephalitis and Murray Valley encephalitis viruses

Japanese encephalitis and Murray Valley encephalitis viruses (mosquito-borne flaviviruses) are potential differential diagnoses for meningitis and encephalitis. Infections are usually asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms (eg sudden onset of fever, headache, vomiting); however, severe disease, including acute encephalitis, can occur.

No specific antiviral treatment is recommended for Japanese encephalitis and Murray Valley encephalitis viruses; management focuses on supportive care.

Australian national advice is available for Japanese encephalitis virus and Murray Valley encephalitis virus.