Congenital abnormalities in people with Down syndrome

Some congenital abnormalities are identified prenatally through ultrasound and echocardiography, others are diagnosed after birth. Thorough paediatric assessment, including echocardiogram, should be performed at birth or soon after in children with Down syndrome to exclude cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and ophthalmologic problems. See also advice on Hearing and vision problems in people with Down syndrome.