Introduction

Hypoglycaemia is considered severe when the patient is unable to treat themselves, usually because the low blood glucose concentration has caused confusion or loss of consciousness. Ideally, confirm hypoglycaemia by measuring the patient’s blood glucose concentration. However, if measurement is likely to be delayed, start treatment immediately.

A patient with diabetes and severe hypoglycaemia who is unconscious can be treated with a glucagon injection or an intravenous glucose infusion, depending on which is immediately available. For patients in the community, arrange immediate transfer to hospital by ambulance.