Low-FODMAP diet for irritable bowel syndrome
A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) can be effective for IBS symptoms, regardless of IBS subtype.
FODMAPs are fermentable carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and become substrates for bacterial metabolism in the large bowel. This results in bloating, diarrhoea and discomfort in susceptible people. The impact of long-term restriction of FODMAPs on the gut microbiota is yet to be established and, consequently, long-term use of a low-FODMAP diet cannot be recommended.
If initial dietary therapy has not improved symptoms, refer patients to an accredited practising dietitian for a 4- to 6-week trial of a low-FODMAP diet. Dietitians can provide advice about ensuring nutritional adequacy, gradually reintroducing foods to avoid over-restriction and identifying food triggers.
See FODMAP intolerance for more detail on FODMAPs. Consumer information is available from the Monash University website.