Key references: Principles of prophylaxis of bipolar disorder in adults and young people

  • Balance investigators collaborators, Geddes JR, Goodwin GM, Rendell J, Azorin JM, Cipriani A, et al. Lithium plus valproate combination therapy versus monotherapy for relapse prevention in bipolar I disorder (BALANCE): a randomised open-label trial. Lancet 2010;375(9712):385–95. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20092882
  • Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Vazquez GH. Pharmacological treatment of adult bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2019;24(2):198–217. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29679069
  • Bowden CL, Calabrese JR, McElroy SL, Gyulai L, Wassef A, Petty F, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled 12-month trial of divalproex and lithium in treatment of outpatients with bipolar I disorder. Divalproex Maintenance Study Group. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000;57(5):481–9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10807488
  • Goodwin GM, Haddad PM, Ferrier IN, Aronson JK, Barnes T, Cipriani A, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for treating bipolar disorder: Revised third edition recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol 2016;30(6):495–553. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26979387
  • Grande I, Berk M, Birmaher B, Vieta E. Bipolar disorder. Lancet 2016;387(10027):1561–72. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26388529
  • Hiemke C, Bergemann N, Clement HW, Conca A, Deckert J, Domschke K, et al. Consensus guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring in neuropsychopharmacology: update 2017. Pharmacopsychiatry 2018;51(1-02):9–62. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28910830
  • Kishi T, Ikuta T, Matsuda Y, Sakuma K, Okuya M, Mishima K, et al. Mood stabilizers and/or antipsychotics for bipolar disorder in the maintenance phase: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Mol Psychiatry 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33177610
  • Malhi GS, Bassett D, Boyce P, Bryant R, Fitzgerald PB, Fritz K, et al. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2015;49(12):1087–206. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26643054
  • McKnight RF, Adida M, Budge K, Stockton S, Goodwin GM, Geddes JR. Lithium toxicity profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2012;379(9817):721–8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22265699
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Bipolar disorder: assessment and management (cg185). London: NICE; 2014. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg185
  • Nolen WA, Licht RW, Young AH, Malhi GS, Tohen M, Vieta E, et al. What is the optimal serum level for lithium in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder? A systematic review and recommendations from the ISBD/IGSLI Task Force on treatment with lithium. Bipolar Disord 2019;21(5):394–409. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31112628
  • Vieta E, Berk M, Schulze TG, Carvalho AF, Suppes T, Calabrese JR, et al. Bipolar disorders. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2018;4:18008. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29516993
  • Yatham LN, Kennedy SH, Parikh SV, Schaffer A, Bond DJ, Frey BN, et al. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) 2018 guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2018;20(2):97–170. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29536616