Overview of inhalational drug delivery devices

Many inhalational drug delivery devices are available in Australia, and this can cause confusion for both patients and practitioners. They can be categorised as:

  • manually actuated pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) (conventional puffers)
  • breath-actuated pMDIs
  • mist inhalers
  • multiple-dose DPIs
  • single-dose dry powder inhalers (DPIs) (capsule system)
  • nebulisers
  • spacers.

Poor inhaler technique is common, and contributes to poor outcomes including treatment failure (because of inadequate drug delivery to the lungs) and adverse effects. Patients must be adequately trained in the correct technique for their device. Assess patient technique and repeat technique demonstration at every opportunity, even in patients who have been using their inhaler for long periods. Always assess technique before considering stepping up therapy. Summary of inhalational drug delivery devices provides links to video tutorials and patient handouts for most devices.

Note: Check inhaler technique at every opportunity, and always assess technique before stepping up therapy.

An inhaler technique checklist may be useful—see the National Asthma Council website for comprehensive checklists for most devices.