Key references: Stepwise therapy for asthma: children 6 years and older

  • Chauhan BF, Ducharme FM. Anti-leukotriene agents compared to inhaled corticosteroids in the management of recurrent and/or chronic asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;(5):CD002314. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22592685
  • Fogel RB, Rosario N, Aristizabal G, Loeys T, Noonan G, Gaile S, et al. Effect of montelukast or salmeterol added to inhaled fluticasone on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2010;104(6):511–7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20568384
  • Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA)Global strategy for asthma management and prevention: main report. Wisconsin: GINA; 2019. www.ginasthma.org
  • Jartti T. Inhaled corticosteroids or montelukast as the preferred primary long-term treatment for pediatric asthma? Eur J Pediatr 2008;167(7):731–6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18214538
  • Lemanske RF Jr., Mauger DT, Sorkness CA, Jackson DJ, Boehmer SJ, Martinez FD, et al. Step-up therapy for children with uncontrolled asthma receiving inhaled corticosteroids. N Engl J Med 2010;362(11):975–85. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20197425
  • Martinez FD, Chinchilli VM, Morgan WJ, Boehmer SJ, Lemanske RF Jr., Mauger DT, et al. Use of beclomethasone dipropionate as rescue treatment for children with mild persistent asthma (TREXA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2011;377(9766):650–7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21324520
  • Maspero J, Guerra F, Cuevas F, Gutierrez JP, Soto-Ramos M, Anderton S, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate versus montelukast in childhood asthma: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study. Clin Ther 2008;30(8):1492–504. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18803991
  • National Asthma Council AustraliaAustralian Asthma Handbook, v2.1. Melbourne: National Asthma Council Australia; 2020. https://www.asthmahandbook.org.au/
  • Sumino K, Bacharier LB, Taylor J, Chadwick-Mansker K, Curtis V, Nash A, et al. A pragmatic trial of symptom-based inhaled corticosteroid use in African-American children with mild asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2020;8(1):176-85 e2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31371165
  • Sobieraj DM, Weeda ER, Nguyen E, Coleman CI, White CM, Lazarus SC, et al. Association of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-agonists as controller and quick relief therapy with exacerbations and symptom control in persistent asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2018;319(14):1485–96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29554195