Communicating with a person with developmental disability using clear examples and diagrams

Many people with developmental disability have difficulty understanding abstract language. This includes concepts of time (eg before/after, slowly/quickly) that can also be difficult to communicate using pictures. Using clear examples and diagrams can enhance a person’s understanding; strategies include:

• drawing a diagram
• using a calendar, timetable or schedule
• using the appropriate symbol or sign in the person’s communication book or gesture dictionary
• demonstrating body parts and planned actions (on your body, a support person’s or a model)
• allowing the person to handle and explore equipment (eg stethoscope, otoscope)
• using visual healthcare stories (eg Say less, show more resources)
• video modelling—using a short video to show the person what will happen or how to follow an instruction; this is effective for people who have difficulty understanding language, but can see and follow what is presented in the video (eg showing examples of tablets or other medication).

For other strategies that may facilitate physical examination and investigations for people with developmental disability, see Physical examination and investigations.