Urological problems in people with cerebral palsy

Neurogenic bladder and lower urinary tract dysfunction are common in people with cerebral palsy and may cause:

• urinary incontinence or retention
• urinary tract infection or pyelonephritis
• renal stones
• renal impairment and failure.

Factors that compound the risk of genitourinary problems in people with cerebral palsy include:

• chronic dehydration
• infrequent voiding
• suboptimal perineal hygiene
• difficulty accessing the toilet independently
• sensory deficits
• constipation.