Short-term parenteral nutrition in adults

Centrally administered parenteral nutrition is used in most patients with acute intestinal failure.

Because of the high osmolarity of standard parenteral nutrition solutions, they should be administered via a central venous catheter to avoid complications and thrombosis. A polyurethane central line or peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line can be used short term.

Peripheral parenteral nutrition (using a parenteral nutrition solution with a lower osmolarity) can be considered in a subgroup of patients with acute intestinal failure who require short-term parenteral nutrition (less than 7 days). To administer peripheral parenteral nutrition, the smallest gauge peripheral intravenous canula is placed in the largest vein. The peripheral intravenous canula must be rotated every 48 hours to minimise the risk of thrombophlebitisSugrue, 2018.

Information about the rate of administration can be obtained from an accredited practising dietician or, if available, a local hospital protocol. If these are unavailable, information on the rate of administration can be found in the Dieticians Australia Parenteral Feeding Manual.