Opioids

For children who have been taking opioids for longer than 2 weeks, seek specialist advice for a deprescribing schedule.

For adults, a standard approach to opioid deprescribing for chronic noncancer pain is:

  • if the patient has been taking the opioid for less than 3 months, reduce the dose by 10 to 25% every week
  • if the patient has been taking the opioid for longer than 3 months, reduce the dose by 10 to 25% every 4 weeks.

If necessary, the rate of dose reduction can be slower (eg while awaiting psychological therapy). A faster dose reduction can be considered if adverse effects are intolerable or opioid misuse is suspected—seek specialist advice. See Examples of opioid deprescribing for examples of opioid deprescribing.

For a printable deprescribing plan for patients, see the NPS MedicineWise website.

For conversation starters for prescribers to discuss opioid deprescribing or dose reductions with patients, see the NPS MedicineWise website.

Figure 1. Examples of opioid deprescribing

Example 1

Original dose: A patient has been taking tramadol modified-release 100 mg orally, twice daily (ie 200 mg per day) for the past 2 months.

Calculation: 25% of the original daily dose is 50 mg; dose reductions will be a maximum of 50 mg every week.

Deprescribing regimen:

tramadol modified-release 50 mg in the morning and 100 mg at night for 1 week, then

tramadol modified-release 50 mg in the morning and 50 mg at night for 1 week, then

tramadol modified-release 50 mg at night for 1 week, then

stop.

Example 2

Original dose: A patient has been taking oxycodone modified-release 40 mg orally, twice daily (ie 80 mg per day) for the past 12 months.

Calculation: 25% of the original daily dose is 20 mg; dose reductions will be a maximum of 20 mg (ie 10 mg twice daily) every month.

Deprescribing regimen:

oxycodone modified-release 30 mg twice daily for 1 month, then

oxycodone modified-release 20 mg twice daily for 1 month, then

oxycodone modified-release 10 mg twice daily for 1 month, then

oxycodone modified-release 5 mg twice daily for 1 month, then

stop.