Introduction to COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by persistent airflow limitation resulting from a combination of small airways disease and alveolar destruction (emphysema). It is caused by an abnormal inflammatory response in the lungs to noxious particles or gases, most commonly tobacco smoke. COPD is a progressive disease; however, smoking cessation can slow progression, and treatment can improve the patient’s quality of life.

The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC) provides information to support best practice in the assessment and management of COPD (including exacerbations) in their Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Clinical Care Standard (2024).