Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax

The risk of recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is estimated to be 30 to 50%. Continuing smokers have higher risk of recurrence; smoking cessation should be recommended.

If pneumothorax recurs in the same lung, the risk of further recurrences rises sharply and referral for pleurodesis is recommended. Pleurodesis techniques include medical thoracoscopy with talc insufflation, surgical video-assisted thoracoscopy with pleural abrasion, and injection of talc slurry through an intercostal catheter.