Introduction to nonspecific interstitial pneumonia in adults

Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) is characterised by specific high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and histological features; see Imaging for more information. NSIP pattern is the most frequently observed pattern in connective tissue disease–associated ILD, but may also occur in drug-induced lung injury or from unknown causes (idiopathic NSIP).

The clinical course of NSIP is highly variable, ranging from indolent nonprogressive disease to rapidly progressive disease. Survival in NSIP is significantly better than that seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

If NSIP is suspected, refer to a specialist to identify the cause and whether treatment is required. Duration and intensity of treatment is tailored to clinical, physiological and radiological response. Smoking cessation is recommended; see Smoking cessation.