Cardiovascular disease in people with developmental disability

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are usually more common in people with developmental disability as in the general population. Circulatory disease is a major contributor to mortality in people with intellectual disability.

Most studies show people with developmental disability have a higher incidence of cardiovascular risk factors (eg obesity, poor diet, lack of exercise). Cardiovascular risk factors should be reviewed as for the general population; see Overview of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimation. Usual management of cardiovascular risk factors is appropriate. See Cardiovascular disease risk modification.

The long-term cardiac effects of some psychotropic drugs (eg antipsychotics) need to be considered in people with developmental disability who have cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors, including checking for metabolic syndrome and prolonged QTc.

Congenital heart disease should be actively excluded in children and adults identified to have chromosomal abnormalities or dysmorphic syndromes (eg Down syndrome). For cardiovascular considerations in Down syndrome, see Cardiovascular problems in people with Down syndrome.