Pulmonary hypertension

Mild to moderate pulmonary hypertension is a common complication of COPD. It is associated with an increased risk of exacerbations, increased mortality and worse quality of life.

Pulmonary vascular remodelling is thought to result from the combined effects of hypoxia, inflammation and loss of capillaries in severe emphysema. Most patients with pulmonary hypertension, especially those who have symptoms, should be referred to a specialised centre for evaluation and management; see Pulmonary hypertension for more information.