Key references: Step 3 therapy for asthma in adults and adolescents

  • Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global strategy for asthma management and prevention: main report. Wisconsin: GINA; 2019. www.ginasthma.org
  • Philip G, Nayak AS, Berger WE, Leynadier F, Vrijens F, Dass SB, et al. The effect of montelukast on rhinitis symptoms in patients with asthma and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Curr Med Res Opin 2004;20(10):1549–58. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15462688
  • Ducharme FM, Ni Chroinin M, Greenstone I, Lasserson TJ. Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids versus same dose inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;(5):CD005535. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20464739
  • Sobieraj DM, Baker WL, Nguyen E, Weeda ER, Coleman CI, White CM, et al. Association of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting muscarinic antagonists with asthma control in patients with uncontrolled, persistent asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2018;319(14):1473–84. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29554174
  • Sobieraj DM, Weeda ER, Nguyen E, Coleman CI, White CM, Lazarus SC, et al. Association of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-agonists as controller and quick relief therapy with exacerbations and symptom control in persistent asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2018;319(14):1485–96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29554195
  • Szefler SJ, Martin RJ, King TS, Boushey HA, Cherniack RM, Chinchilli VM, et al. Significant variability in response to inhaled corticosteroids for persistent asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002;109(3):410–8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11897984