Stimulants for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children

Stimulants (dexamfetamine, lisdexamfetamine, methylphenidate) are first-line drugs for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Stimulants improve attention, decrease impulsiveness and reduce hyperactivity. General behaviour and interactions with peers and family or carers may also improve.

Do not use stimulants in children younger than 6 years, except in exceptional circumstances and under the close supervision of a specialist.

Prescribers should be familiar with and follow state and territory health regulations on prescribing stimulants, including the requirements for assessing the risk of misuse of stimulants (either by the child or the adult supporting the child).