Mobility problems

Independent mobility is important for independence and social participation. During adolescence, pubertal growth may exacerbate scoliosis, muscle weakness or spasticity, and result in deterioration in function. Weight gain and obesity can exacerbate or aggravate low back, hip or knee pain, and dislocation of hips.

The following referrals may be useful to optimise mobility and manage degenerative conditions:

physiotherapist or occupational therapist for assessment and monitoring, exercise program and appropriate mobility aids (eg wheelchair)
local gymnasium for fitness and strength training
paediatrician, rehabilitation physician or orthopaedic surgeon to manage spasticity (eg associated pain, spasm, loss of function) or bone and joint disorders (eg deformity, subluxation, dislocation)
orthotist or prosthetist as required for ankle or foot orthoses or other interventions to help with mobility, balance and stability.

Non-ambulant people and wheelchair users can benefit from allied health assessment and interventions to improve or maintain function and posture, and prevent decline (eg splinting, pressure care). Ask about the person’s ability to weight bear (eg during transfers) and turn (or be turned) in bed; record this information to facilitate detection of future decline and reassess during annual health assessment.

Lack of physical activity and immobilisation are risk factors for minimal-trauma fracture. Recommend a balanced diet, including adequate calcium and vitamin D, to support optimal bone strength in people with limited mobility.

For considerations related to mobility equipment (eg wheelchairs), see Mobility aids and equipment.

Some mobility aids, equipment and interventions are funded by the National disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS).